![]() Parkinson’s disease and other movement disordersĭopamine precursors, such as Levodopa, help to increase synthesis of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Benadryl is a common OTC antihistamine.īenzodiazepines enhance the effects of a neurotransmitter called GABA, which relaxes the muscles.ĭecongestants shrink the blood vessels in the nose, helping to treat swelling, inflammation, and mucus buildup. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) affect serotonin and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers that influence an extensive range of bodily functions.Īntihistamines block the action of histamine, an immune system chemical that triggers allergy symptoms, such as itchiness, a runny nose, and swelling. They include barbiturates like phenobarbital. People with no other symptoms or abnormalities often have chronic conditions such as physiologic anisocoria, birth defects of the iris, or Adie (tonic) pupil (see table ).Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), nausea, motion sickness, overactive bladder (OAB), urinary incontinence (UI)Īnticholinergics block the action of the acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in muscle contractions.Īntiepileptics work by impacting neurotransmitter activity or nerve impulses in the brain. People whose only symptom is recent blurry vision, particularly when focusing on near objects, may have a pupil that has been widened by a medication. read more (possibly due to a brain disorder). These palsies can occur when pressure is put on the nerve or the nerve does not get enough. read more or third cranial nerve paralysis Third Cranial Nerve (Oculomotor Nerve) Palsy A palsy of the 3rd cranial nerve can impair eye movements, the response of pupils to light, or both. The cause is disruption of the nerve fibers that. People who have a droopy eyelid, double vision, headache, or balance difficulties have Horner syndrome Horner Syndrome Horner syndrome affects one side of the face, causing the eyelid to droop, the pupil to become small (constricted), and sweating to decrease. Typically, people with eye symptoms such as pain, redness, blurry vision, or light sensitivity have an eye disorder. Horner syndrome is caused by interruption of the sympathetic nerves to an eye due from any cause. read more refers to the combination of a constricted pupil, drooping eyelid, and loss of sweating around the affected eye. ![]() Horner syndrome Horner Syndrome Horner syndrome affects one side of the face, causing the eyelid to droop, the pupil to become small (constricted), and sweating to decrease. ![]() Disorders outside the brain that affect the sympathetic nervous system include tumors and injuries that involve the neck or upper part of the chest. Brain disorders that can affect these pathways include strokes, brain hemorrhage (spontaneous or due to head injury), and, less commonly, certain tumors or infections. Thus, people with nervous system disorders that affect the pupil often also have a drooping eyelid, double vision, and/or visibly misaligned eyes. These pathways carry nerve impulses to the pupil and to the muscles that control the eye and eyelid. This system works automatically (autonomously), without a person’s conscious. Nervous system disorders that cause unequal pupils are those that affect the third cranial nerve or certain parts of the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system (the autonomic nervous system Overview of the Autonomic Nervous System The autonomic nervous system regulates certain body processes, such as blood pressure and the rate of breathing. read more cause unequal pupils, but this finding is usually overshadowed by severe eye pain. read more ) and certain types of glaucoma Glaucoma Glaucomas are a group of eye disorders characterized by progressive optic nerve damage (often, but not always, associated with increased eye pressure) that can lead to irreversible loss of vision. (See also Overview of Eye Injuries.) Iritis can develop after blunt eye trauma or a chemical burn, typically. Inflammation of the iris ( iritis Traumatic Iritis and Chemical Iritis Iritis is inflammation of the pigmented inside lining of the eye (uvea), iris, or both. Such medications may be drops intended to treat eye disorders (for example, homatropine used for certain disorders or injuries or pilocarpine used for glaucoma), or they may be medications or other substances that accidentally get into the eye (for example, scopolamine used as a patch for motion sickness, plants such as jimsonweed, or certain insecticides). Also, certain medications that get into the eye may affect the pupil. Eye disorders that cause unequal pupils include birth defects and eye injuries.
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